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Online database. Kurokawa S, 2001. You can unsubscribe at anytime. It is drought-resistant and can even grow under arid conditions. Antioquia. 610 pp. Parker C, 1992. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2, Flora of Pakistan, 2015. J.]. Spanish: bledo de espina; quelite espinoso. Amaranthus spinosus L. Accepted name Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Caryophyllales > Amaranthaceae > Amaranthus > Amaranthus spinosus L. Zuloaga FO; Morrone O; Belgrano MJ, 2008. http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html, PROTA, 2015. > 0°C, dry winters), Highly adaptable to different environments, Tolerates, or benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, fire etc, Has propagules that can remain viable for more than one year, Highly likely to be transported internationally accidentally, Difficult to identify/detect as a commodity contaminant, Difficult to identify/detect in the field. 3. Impact of different herbicides on, http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB15408, Ortiz-Ribbing L; Williams MM II, 2006. Acevedo-Rodríguez P; Strong MT, 2012. Broome R, Sabir K, Carrington S, 2007. In groundnuts, it is a principal weed in Ghana, Hawaii, the Philippines and the USA. In India, the bud weevil Ceutorhynchus asperulus, a pest of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), has been found feeding on A. spinosus (Lemmens and Bunyapraphatsara, 1999). The major arthropod pests and weeds of agriculture in Southeast Asia. This species is a cosmopolitan weed and a prolific seed producer: up to 235, 000 seeds per plant have been recorded. USA. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA: University of Hawaii Press. Plants glabrous or sparsely pubescent in the distal younger parts of stems and branches. unpaginated. Plant sap is used as an eye wash to treat ophthalmic infections in children. Can you please , suggest other procedures to get the desired chemical components Leaves: petiole ± equaling or longer than blade; blade rhombic-ovate, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 3-10(-15) × 1.5-6 cm, base broadly cuneate, margins entire, plane or slightly undulate, apex acute or subobtuse. During our first decision , we wanted It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. Base de données botaniques Nadeaud de l'Herbier de la Polynésie Française (PAP) (Botanical database of the Nadeaud Herbarium of French Polynesia). Our new book to be released soon is Edible Shrubs. Germination is usually rapid and good if the soil is warm[133]. The leaves and stems of Amaranthus spinosus are eaten raw or cooked as a spinach. Edible Shrubs provides detailed information, attractively presented, on over 70 shrub species. Flora of Pakistan/Pakistan Plant Database (PPD). Field evaluation of, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Seeds are easily disturbed by wind, water, and animals. Global Environmental Research, 8(2):171-191. February 2007. Many seeds germinate soon after being dispersed, but some seeds can remain viable for many years in the soil seed bank (Waterhouse, 1994). Please donate to support our ‘Plants to Save the Planet’ Project. 75:1-1182. It is used internally in the treatment of internal bleeding, diarrhoea and excessive menstruation[238, 254]. Farmland Weeds in China., Agricultural Publishing House. DyeYellow and green dyes can be obtained from the whole plant[168]. Mito T, Uesugi T, 2004. ex Wall.. Chenopodium caudatum Jacq.. Galliaria adscendens Bubani. Tropicos website. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. www.europe-aliens.org/default.do. In: Proceedings of the 21st Asian Pacific Weed Science Society (APWSS) Conference, 2-6 October 2007, Colombo, Sri Lanka [ed. spiny amaranthus. Wagner WI, Herbst DR, Sohmer SH, 1999. 3348 pp. Very small, about 1mm in diameter[266], but easy to harvest and very nutritious. by Grubben GJH, Denton OA]. Barbados: University of the West Indies. Amaranthus spinosus L. Meaning_of_the_name: Amaranthus - derives from the greek word "amarantos" meaning immortal or unfading and "anthos" meaning flower, and refers to long lasting qualities of of the flower; spinosus: spiny. (Catalago de Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia.) Amaranthus in the list of species of the flora of Brazil. http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm. The photoperiodic response is day-neutral and the plant may flower at day lengths between 8 and 16 h. Overall optimum growth is obtained at a day length of 11-12 h, and it is in areas with such day lengths that the earliest and most abundant flowering takes place. 506 pp. Acevedo-Rodríguez P, Strong M T, 2012. For instance, it is a troublesome weed in agricultural areas, pastures, and orchards in Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, and the Pacific region. Wageningen, Netherlands: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. : agroecosystems of perennial plants, to choose the most appropriate plants for their requirements and site conditions. Weeds of Bhutan., vi + 236 pp. * Updates on new information & functionality of the website & database Holm L G, Pancho J V, Herberger J P, Plucknett D L, 1991. spiny amaranth. Name of the plant is Thorny amaranth, means it has thorns. Reproductive BiologyA. spinosus is also used as forage and said to increase the yield of milk in cattle. A. viridis hybridizes with A. blitum (Coons, 1981). In: Oceanic islands 2, 50 Canberra, Australian Government Publishing Service. 4 (3), 643-653. http://ijrpc.com/files/20-4130.pdf. A. spinosus is a host plant for tobacco mosaic virus, groundnut rosette virus, cucumber mosaic virus and root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp. Utricles ovoid to subglobose, 1.5-2.5 mm, membranaceous proximally, wrinkled and spongy or inflated distally, irregularly dehiscent or indehiscent. Or…. Natural insect enemies includes the pyralid Herpetogramma bipunctalis and the curculionid Conotrachelus seniculus. Handbook for weed control in rice. A geographic atlas of world weeds. Lactofen applied early post-emergence and 2,4-DB applied late post-emergence controlled more than 90% late in the season. Smartphone users scan the QR Code which automatically takes them to the webpage the QR Code came from. A paste of the root is used in the treatment of menorrhagia, gonorrhoea, eczema and colic[243, 272]. Varanasi, India: Banaras Hindu University. Weed Technology, 8(2):199-202. MacKee H S, 1994. Flora of West Tropical Africa, Volume 1, Part 1 (revised by Keay RWJ). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, 98:1192 pp. Pacific Islands Ecosystems at Risk. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report. In tropical Africa and elsewhere, A. spinosus leaves and young plants are collected for home consumption as a cooked, steamed or fried vegetable, especially during periods of drought. In addition, users can learn about the location of vouchered specimens and see images to get a better visual for each plant. Biological Control of Weeds: Southeast Asian Prospects. Waterhouse DF, 1994. The juice of the root is used in Nepal to treat fevers, urinary troubles, diarrhoea and dysentery[272]. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry. In: Global Environmental Research, 8 (2) 171-191. Part 1. In upland rice, A. spinosus is the principal weed in Mexico and the Philippines, and a common weed in Sri Lanka, India and Indonesia (Holm et al., 1991).A. Seeds are dispersed by wind, water and as a contaminant in crop and pasture seeds, farm machinery and farm products. (8 col.). Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. The species is monoecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but both sexes can be found on the same plant) and is pollinated by Wind. Part 1. Biocontrol News and Information, 18(1):11N-20N; 2 pp. It should also be noted that repeated herbicide use has resulted in the development of resistant strains in some species of Amaranthus (Lorenzi and Jeffery, 1987), and the same could occur in A. spinosus. CSIRO handbook of Australian weeds. FAMILY: Amaranthaceae. Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. China. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx, USDA-NRCS, 2015. No members of this genus are known to be poisonous, but when grown on nitrogen-rich soils they are known to concentrate nitrates in the leaves. For example, the seed of some types will germinate within a few days after harvest if held at a high temperature, whereas others require 4-5 months of storage before they will germinate. Flora of Pakistan/Pakistan Plant Database (PPD). In: Flora Vitiensis nova: a new flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only). Several amaranth species are useful as food crops and are grown both for their leaves and for their edible seeds, which are a nutritious pseudocereal (nongrass seeds used like cereal grains). Jørgensen P M, León-Yánez S, 1999. Glomeraria viridis (L.) Cav.. Lagrezia suessenguthii Cavaco. Volume 2. Seed are easy to harvest and very nutritious. Allelopathic potential of orange jessamine (, Rosskopf EN; Charudattan R; DeValerio JT; Stall WM, 2000. 55, 584 pp. Charles Darwin Foundation, 2008. USDA-ARS, 2015. We are adding search terms and icons to those plants pages, and providing a range of search options aligned to categories of plants and crop yields, with Help facilities including videos. London, UK: Crown Agents. The Alabama Plant Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. (Base de données botaniques Nadeaud de l'Herbier de la Polynésie Française (PAP))., https://nadeaud.ilm.pf/. PROTA4U web database., [ed. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth); habit. Hurst E, 1942. Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth); leaves alternate, broadly lanceolate to ovate, discolorous, up to 7 cm long, 4 cm wide, margins entire, base tapering to a slender petiole up to 7 cm long, with a pair of straight spines up to 1 cm long at base. In: A weed identification guide for Ethiopia. * Exclusive content not on the website Biological control of noxious pigweeds in Europe: a literature review of the insect species associated with Amaranthus spp. http://www.europe-aliens.org/. For many plants, the website displays maps showing physiographic provinces within the Carolinas and Georgia where the plant has been documented. Germination is satisfactory in both light and dark (Holm et al., 1991). Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth); habit, showing white-flushed leaves Kahului Airport, Maui, Hawaii, USA. Cycadaceae a Connaraceae. Flora of China., St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Manual of the Vascular Plants of Texas., Richardson, TX, USA: University of Texas at Dallas. A native of tropical America and is found mainly in warm areas. to make a POWDERED TEA , and mix it with water , then , feed the mice . Farmland Weeds of China. In those regions, it is also a serious environmental weed in disturbed sites, secondary forests, along forest edges, and around water troughs (Lemmens and Bunyapraphatsara, 1999; Motooka et al., 2003; PIER, 2015; PROTA, 2015; USDA-ARS, 2015). Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth); habit, showing inflorescence. Caracas, Venezuela: Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela, 860 pp. Kumar R P, Jindal Shammy, Gupta Nitin, Rana Rinu, 2014. Amaranthus fasciatus Roxb.. Amaranthus gracilis Desf.. Amaranthus littoralis Bernh. Plantas daninhas de Brasil, terrestres, aquaticas, parasitas, toxicas e medicinais. April 2012. Greensboro, North Carolina, USA: National Plant Data Team. Usually flowers and fruits as a weedy plant about 1 m tall. Albersia caudata (Jacq.) The seed can be cooked whole, and becomes very gelatinous like this, but it is rather difficult to crush all of the small seeds in the mouth and thus some of the seed will pass right through the digestive system without being assimilated[K]. It is browsed by sheep and goats and is a highly nutritious feed at any time during the year. Amaranth, scientific name Amaranthus, is a member of the Amaranthaceae family which is related to and resembles Quinoa.Native to Central America and South America, it is also cultivated in the countries having warm climate. An earlier sowing can be made in a greenhouse and the plants put out after the last expected frosts. (Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie.) The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Smith AC, 1981. Our Group want to conduct an experiment regarding the effect of Hutchinson J; Dalziel JM, 1954. Figures in grams (g) or miligrams (mg) per 100g of food. Genetics A. spinosus is reported to be the number three weed in maize in the Philippines as well as a principal weed in that crop in Ghana, Hawaii, Mexico and Thailand, and a common weed in Malaysia and Taiwan. Herb: Spiny Amaranth Latin name: Amaranthus spinosus Family: Amaranthaceae (Amaranth Family, Pigweed Family) Medicinal use of Spiny Amaranth: The seed is used as a poultice for broken bones. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Volume 2. … 21. Amaranthus Amaranthus tricolor Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae Subfamily: Amaranthoideae Genus: Amaranthus L. Species See text Amaranthus is a cosmopolitan genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants collectively known as amaranths. (Plantas daninhas de Brasil, terrestres, aquaticas, parasitas, toxicas e medicinais.) In general, plants in the genus Amaranthus are difficult to identify to species, but this one is an exception to the rule. St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. We are still hesitant to do this procedure , since , Impact of different herbicides on Amaranthus spinosus in Korea. Lorenzi HJ; Jeffery LS(Editors), 1987. China: Agricultural Publishing House. The native distribution range of A. spinosus is uncertain. 50, Oceanic islands 2. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA: University Press of Hawaii. thanks!!! var s = '' In: Tropicos website, St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: http://www.tropicos.org/Project/Pakistan, Florence J, Chevillotte H, Ollier C, Meyer J-Y, 2013. Funk V, Hollowell T, Berry P, Kelloff C, Alexander S N, 2007. Edible Parts: Leaves SeedEdible Uses: Leaves and stems - raw or cooked as a spinach[2, 61, 177]. Smartphone users quickly have information on a plant directly for the pfaf.org website on their phone. For a list of references used on this page please go here. Thus, it is likely that it has been introduced accidentally as a contaminant in crop and pasture seeds and in agricultural machinery (PROTA, 2015; USDA-ARS, 2015). All plant pages have their own unique code. Oviedo Prieto R; Herrera Oliver P; Caluff MG, et al. The leaves grow from 1 1/4 to 2 1/2 inches in length. National list of invasive and potentially invasive plants in the Republic of Cuba - 2011. The PLANTS Database. Distribution and Biology. This summer annual can be found flowering from May through October.