ABIATHAR ESCAPES AND FLEES AFTER DAVID. 1 Samuel 22 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this highly respected and nearly exhaustive compilation, containing nearly 500,000 cross-references b. Then answered Doeg the Edomite, who was set over the servants of Saul, and said, “I saw the son of Jesse going to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub. 1 Samuel 22:1. i. Ahimelech was so unaware of the hatred Saul has for David that he praised David before the jealous king: “And who among all your servants is as faithful as David.” This is because David told Ahimelech that he was on Saul’s bidding when he was really running for his life (1 Samuel 21:2). c. So he became captain over them: This was not a mob. 1 Samuel 22:1-8 . He confessed his guilt in the matter and sought forgiveness from the LORD. SAUL COMMANDS TO KILL THE PRIESTS. b. Scripture David was now a fugitive on the run from King Saul. Hannah vowed a vow, "Yahweh, if you will look on the affliction of your handmaid, and remember me, but will give to your handmaid a son, then I will give him to Yahweh all the days of his life, and no razor shall come on his head." For your servant knew nothing of all this, little or much.”, a. Doeg was. Now Eli was very old.] 1 Samuel 22:1 "David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard [it], they went down thither to him." i. . Each principle is important. Click to enable/disable Google Analytics tracking. , but the cave wasn’t to be David’s refuge. Psalm 57 describes David as the LORD strengthened him in the cave and prepared him for what was next. CHAPTER 22. ii. ii. An unprincipled leader might make these 400 men into a gang of rebels or cutthroats, but David did not allow this to become a rebel army against King Saul. Now they join him at the Adullam cave. : Saul appealed to the truly worst in these men, asking them if a man from Judah will favor the tribe of Benjamin with riches and promotions. About four hundred men were with him. As a result of his fear, he made a number of mistakes. David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him. ii. So the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father’s house, the priests who, in Nob. An unprincipled leader might make these 400 men into a gang of rebels or cutthroats, but David did not allow this to become a rebel army against King Saul. This probably wasn’t what David really wanted to hear but he obeyed anyway. These men were discontented. This is a precious gift from God because previously all David had was trouble and persecution from his father and his brothers (1 Samuel 16:11 and 1 Samuel 17:28). The servants of the king would not lift their hands to strike the priests: To their credit, Saul’s servants feared God more than Saul and they refused to murder the priests. They are just as called and anointed as David is, but they are called and anointed to follow and support David and he is called and anointed to lead them. The principle that, God leads through a called and anointed man. They hadn’t seen a lot of success in the past, and were stung from their past failures. These men all came to David when he was down and out, hunted and despised. 1. a. When Israel needed deliverance from Egypt, God didn’t call a committee. these 400 men, even if he never thought so before. “Cave Adullam”: A cave near Adullam was David’s refuge. . © Copyright - Enduring Word       |      . You can also change some of your preferences. These cookies are strictly necessary to provide you with services available through our website and to use some of its features. i. A Michtam of David when he fled from Saul into the cave. and to go back to the very stronghold of Saul. set over the servants--Septuagint, "the mules of Saul.". c. So Doeg the Edomite turned and struck the priests: Doeg, who was not a Jew but an Edomite, didn’t hesitate to murder the priests and their families. c. The cave of Adullam: The title of Psalm 142 reads: A Contemplation of David. Copyright © 2020, Bible Study Tools. “You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you and your father’s house”: Any man in the place of sin and rebellion Saul was in can’t stand to see an innocent, guileless man like Ahimelech disagree with him. Four hundred men, and desperate men at that. 5. I have caused the death of all the persons of your father’s house. David therefore departed from there and escaped to the cave of Adullam. One can only pity this paranoid sufferer. They wanted something different, and something better, and God called them to David at the Adullam cave. But just as much as God called David, God called these four hundred to come beside David. Let not the king impute anything to his servant, to any in the house of my father. They inquired of the Lord — Either by Urim and Thummim, which was the usual way of inquiry; or by Samuel, who by his prayer procured an answer. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. Saul kills the priests of Nob. Jump to: We need 2 cookies to store this setting. 22:1-5 See what weak instruments God sometimes uses, to bring about his own purposes. On hearing his sad tale, David declared that he had dreaded such a fatal result from the malice and intriguing ambition of Doeg; and, accusing himself as having been the occasion of all the disaster to Abiathar's family, David invited him to remain, because, firmly trusting himself in the accomplishment of the divine promise, David could guarantee protection to him. This put Ahimelech in a very vulnerable position. Their own lives weren’t easy or together. of danger, not on the other side of danger. 1 Samuel 22:20-23 . ©2018 David Guzik – No distribution beyond personal use without permission. God wanted to be David’s refuge in this discouraging time. JAMES ROSSCUP - Commentaries for Biblical Expositors. You love evil more than good, lying rather than speaking righteousness. When Saul heard that David and the men who. : God called an unlikely and unique group to David in the Adullam cave. And the king said to the guards who were attending him, "Turn around and put the priests of the Lord to death, because their hand also is with David and because they knew that he was fleeing and did not reveal it to me." his brethren and all his father's house . So, Psalm 142 described David’s discouraged heart: I cry out to the LORD with my voice; with my voice to the LORD I make my supplication. Their own lives weren’t easy or together. When an ark had to be built, God didn’t call 400 men. . Saul’s dealing with the prophets (such as Samuel) was almost always negative because Saul resisted the word of God. Then David had a brief but intense period of backsliding, a dramatic turn to the LORD and deliverance from a life-threatening situation. So, he commanded him to be murdered. God doesn’t work through mobs. 1 Samuel 22:16. i. And they all came to the king. They knew the bitterness of life, and they were not satisfied with their lives or with King Saul. The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. Click to enable/disable essential site cookies. 7, 8. These men came to David in distress, in debt, and discontented, but they didn’t stay that way. Hear now, ye Benjamites--This was an appeal to stimulate the patriotism or jealousy of his own tribe, from which he insinuated it was the design of David to transfer the kingdom to another. on StudyLight.org Each principle is important. David . Saul is clearly going off the deep end. (16-19) Saul commands the execution of the priests and their families, and Doeg the Edomite carries it out. We often think we have to get out of the cave until we can have the heart David had in Psalm 57. We may request cookies to be set on your device. You love evil more than good, lying rather than speaking righteousness. David had to learn to trust God. He wanted his parents to be safe in whatever battles he may face in the future. And when his brothers and all his father’s house heard it, they went down there to him. These were not the men David would choose for himself, but they were the ones God called to him. (Psalm 52:5), iii. We will examine the text under three headings: 1) Samuel’s rhetorical question, 2) Samuel’s rebuke, and 3) the reasons for Samuel’s rebuke. : Jonathan never did any such thing but Saul could not accept the truth that David and Jonathan were in the right and he was in the wrong. Your tongue devises destruction, like a sharp razor, working deceitfully. . The principle that God leads through a called and anointed man is important. When David came to Ahimelech, the priest questioned him carefully (Why are you alone, and no one is with you, 1 Samuel 21:1). . Now the prophet Gad said to David: David enjoyed support and aid from the prophets. But you can’t hide 400 men. First Samuel 22:1-23 shows us how to trust in the Lord in difficult circumstances. Stay with me; do not fear. This probably wasn’t what David really wanted to hear but he obeyed anyway. They wanted something different, and something better, and God called them to David at the Adullam cave. Instead of telling Ahimelech the truth, David lied to him. He simply and honestly said, “Let not the king impute anything to his servant.”. b. 1 Samuel 1 – The Birth of Samuel. “Hereby also God would exercise David’s faith, and wisdom, and courage; and so prepare him for the kingdom, and uphold and increase his reputation among the people.” (Poole), When Saul heard that David and the men who were with him had been discovered—now Saul was staying in Gibeah under a tamarisk tree in Ramah, with his spear in his hand, and all his servants standing about him—then Saul said to his servants who stood about him, “Hear now, you Benjamites! Psalm 57 shows David with a realistic heart: My soul is among lions… they have prepared a net for my steps. These men were in distress. 1 Samuel 2:22 Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel; and how they lay with the women that assembled [at] the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.. Ver. In the lesser way, David’s lying to Ahimelech made the priest vulnerable before Saul. (1-5) Saul destroys the priests of Nob. This was a team that needed a leader, and David became captain over them. In Psalm 52, David showed his confidence in God’s judgments: God shall likewise destroy you forever; He shall take you away, and pluck you out of your dwelling place, and uproot you from the land of the living. We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. He inquired of the LORD for him, gave him provisions, and gave him the sword of Goliath, : Doeg implicated the priest Ahimelech as David’s accomplice. These cookies collect information that is used either in aggregate form to help us understand how our website is being used or how effective our marketing campaigns are, or to help us customize our website and application for you in order to enhance your experience. to David in distress, in debt, and discontented, but they didn’t. The poor simple-minded high priest knew nothing of the existing family feud between Saul and David. We often think we have to get out of the cave until we can have the heart David had in Psalm 57. Will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, make you all captains of thousands and captains of hundreds? They are just as called and anointed as David is, but they are called and anointed to follow and support David and he is called and anointed to lead them. In verse 13 ‘foolish’ means guilty of wrong behaviour. i. David’s lies did not directly kill Ahimelech and the other priests. In Psalm 52, David showed his confidence in God’s judgments: God shall likewise destroy you forever; He shall take you away, and pluck you out of your dwelling place, and uproot you from the land of the living. Now, all he can do is minister to the need in front of him – Abiathar, the surviving priest. But at the very least, he kept Ahimelech from dying with greater honor. a. Look on my right hand and see, for there is no one who acknowledges me; refuge has failed me; no one cares for my soul. In Psalm 52, David showed his focus on the LORD: But I am like a green olive tree in the house of God; I trust in the mercy of God forever and ever. 6. : David had been through a lot. 1 Samuel 22. : David took his parents to Moab because his great-grandmother Ruth was a Moabite (Ruth 4:18-22, 1:4). ii. at the tabernacle (1 Samuel 21:7) but it didn’t change his heart at all. With a UCG.org account you will be able to save items to read and study later! But they chose rather to disobey the king than to offend God by imbruing their hands in the blood of his ministering servants. The sheer pressures of these frustrations drives them to the refuge of the blood of Christ that was shed for them.” (Redpath). Here I am, my lord: Ahimelech answered Saul with the honesty of a man with a clear conscience. David had his followers, and so does the Son of David, Jesus Christ. iii. i. Ahimelech was so unaware of the hatred Saul has for David that he praised David before the jealous king: “, And who among all your servants is as faithful as David. He also knew how to divert Saul’s anger and suspicion from his own staff to the priests. And he inquired of the LORD for him, gave him provisions, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.”. David made them into the kind of men described in 1 Chronicles 12:8: Mighty men of valor, men trained for battle, who could handle the shield and spear, whose faces were like the faces of lions, and were as swift as gazelles on the mountains, And there were about four hundred men with him. When his brothers and his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there. If Ahimelech knew of the conflict between David and Saul, he could have chosen to stand with David and die with greater honor. Will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands and captains of hundreds? Your tongue devises destruction, like a sharp razor, working deceitfully. 9. So when his brothers and all his father’s house heard it, they went down there to him. Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. These were not the men David would choose for himself, but they were the ones God called to him. 1 Samuel 10:22. It is almost identical to Psalm 18, which has been specifically edited for use in the Israelite liturgy. 1 Samuel 22 Matthew Henry's Commentary. In the way in which I walk they have secretly set a snare for me. : David enjoyed support and aid from the prophets. ii. Saul here threatens the Benjaminites with the idea that, if another king is chosen, he will favor his tribe in the same manner that Saul has favored the Benjaminites. And everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him. 1. : David could not do anything about the priests who were already murdered. . And the king said to Doeg, “You turn and kill the priests!” So Doeg the Edomite turned and struck the priests, and killed on that day eighty-five men who wore a linen ephod. is important. : This was David’s place of refuge. “His anger was bent against the Lord himself, for taking away his kingdom, and giving it to another: and because he could not come at the Lord, therefore he wreaketh his rage upon his priests.” (Trapp), ii. A foreigner alone ( Psalms 52:1-3 ) could be found willing to be the executioner of this bloody and sacrilegious sentence. on StudyLight.org Click on the different category headings to find out more. We provide you with a list of stored cookies on your computer in our domain so you can check what we stored. ... 1 Samuel 8:4-22; 11:14-15. If you do not want that we track your visit to our site you can disable tracking in your browser here: We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. Login or Create an Account. He also thought that David was out to kill him (, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as the victim, that David and Ahimelech were, For your servant knew nothing of all this, little or much, : Ahimelech told the exact truth. (1b-2) Others come to David at the Adullam cave. 1 Samuel 22 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary is one of the most respected interdenominational commentaries ever written. Also Nob, the city of the priests, he struck with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and nursing infants, oxen and donkeys and sheep—with the edge of the sword. And the king said, “You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you and all your father’s house!” Then the king said to the guards who stood about him, “Turn and kill the priests of the LORD, because their hand also is with David, and because they knew when he fled and did not tell it to me.” But the servants of the king would not lift their hands to strike the priests of the LORD. i. Psalm 57 shows David with a humble heart: Be merciful to me, O God, be merciful to me! . a. David therefore departed from there: David had been through a lot. David received God’s word. My son has stirred up my servant against me. Commentary for 1 Samuel 22 . Please enter your email address associated with your Salem All-Pass account, then click Continue. 1Sa 22:1-8. 1 Samuel 1:4-20. Proud member He hath hid himself among the stuff — Among the carriages or baggage of the people there assembled. He was a ruler who governed In the greater way, it was David’s mere presence with Ahimelech that made him guilty before Saul and there really wasn’t anything David or anyone could do about that. They had problems of their own, yet God called them to David at the Adullam cave. i. Saul continued in his reckless paranoia. ii. (Psalm 57:2), iii. The *Israelites wanted a king to lead them. Bible Commentary 1 Samuel 7:2-8:22. So, Psalm 142 described David’s discouraged heart: I cry out to the LORD with my voice; with my voice to the LORD I make my supplication. b. Escaped to the cave of Adullam: This was David’s place of refuge. : David meant this in two ways. Psalm 57 shows David with a prayerful heart: I will cry out to God Most High, to God who performs all things for me. Go to the land of Judah: Gad counseled David to leave his own stronghold and to go back to the very stronghold of Saul. . .” This is because David told Ahimelech that he was on Saul’s bidding when he was really running for his life (1 Samuel 21:2). i. He wanted his parents to be safe in whatever battles he may face in the future. : David was the one anointed by God to be the next king over Israel, and he became Israel’s greatest earthly king. But they proved ruinous to Saul's own interest, as they alienated the priesthood and disgusted all good men in the kingdom. A spear was the early scepter. And everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him. This was a team that needed a leader, and David. God doesn’t work through mobs. So Saul constructed elaborate conspiracies against him. By proceeding, you consent to our cookie usage. 1 Samuel 22. So Saul constructed elaborate conspiracies against him. Psalm 57 shows David with a prayerful heart: I will cry out to God Most High, to God who performs all things for me. : In his fleshly, self-focused world, everything revolved around Saul. (20-23)1-5 See what weak instruments God sometimes uses, to bring about his own purposes. This address seems to have been made on hearing of David's return with his four hundred men to Judah. . If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. v. “These are the kind of men who came to David: distressed, bankrupt, dissatisfied. Doeg . He works through called men and women, but He also calls others to stand with and support those men and women. Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword--The barbarous atrocities perpetrated against this city seem to have been designed to terrify all the subjects of Saul from affording either aid or an asylum to David. . And the king said, “You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you and all your father’s house!” Then the king said to the guards who stood about him, “Turn and kill the priests of the LORD, because their hand also. with him had been discovered—now Saul was staying in Gibeah under a tamarisk tree in Ramah, with his spear in his hand, and all his servants standing about him—then Saul said to his servants who stood about him, “Hear now, you Benjamites! 1 Samuel 22 New International Version (NIV) David at Adullam and Mizpah. of And when his brothers and all his father’s house heard, , they went down there to him. Surely, they are working together against you Saul, and Ahimelech probably knows exactly where David is and where he is going.”. Through Many Dangers, Toils, and Snares - 2 Samuel 22:1-51. Senseless Census - 2 Samuel 24:1-25. Now the prophet Gad said to David, “Do not stay in the stronghold; depart, and go to the land of Judah.” So David departed and went into the forest of Hereth. In the greater way, it was David’s mere presence with Ahimelech that made him guilty before Saul and there really wasn’t anything David or anyone could do about that. That is why he acted. We don’t know who wrote the books; certainly, Samuel was a major contributor, but much of the book takes place after his death in 1 Samuel 25. And there were about four hundred men with him. They had problems of their own, yet God called them to David at the Adullam cave. d. All of you have conspired against me… there is not one of you who is sorry for me: In his fleshly, self-focused world, everything revolved around Saul. 1 Samuel 2:21. David had to trust and obey when he didn’t. And Saul said, “Hear now, son of Ahitub!” And he answered, “Here I am, my lord.” Then Saul said to him, “Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, in that you have given him bread and a sword, and have inquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as it is this day?” So Ahimelech answered the king and said, “And who among all your servants is as faithful as David, who is the king’s son-in-law, who goes at your bidding, and is honorable in your house? d. The cave of Adullam: The title of Psalm 57 reads A Michtam of David when he fled from Saul into the cave. Now one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped and fled after David. We use cookies to let us know when you visit our websites, how you interact with us, to enrich your user experience, and to customize your relationship with our website. Psalm 57 describes David as the LORD strengthened him in the cave and prepared him for what was next. (6-19) Abiathar escapes to David. And when his brothers and all his father’s house heard it, they went down there to him. (Psalm 142:1-4). The facts looked against him, and the whole priesthood along with him were declared abettors of conspiracy [ 1 Samuel 22:16 1 Samuel 22:17 ]. Now one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped and fled after David. He also thought that David was out to kill him (that he should rise against me, to lie in wait). 1 Samuel 1. Once David came to the throne, there were a lot of people who wanted to be around him. Surely, they are working together against you Saul, and Ahimelech probably knows exactly where David is and where he is going.”. . c. With me you shall be safe: David could not do anything about the priests who were already murdered. Let not the king impute anything to his servant, or to any in the house of my father. escaped--This was Abiathar, who repaired to David in the forest of Hareth, rescuing, with his own life, the high priest's vestments ( 1 Samuel 23:6 1 Samuel 23:9 ). b. Till I know what God will do for me: David doesn’t know the whole story. So he became captain over them. 2 j And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter in soul, 1 gathered to him. And everyone. You love all devouring words, you deceitful tongue.

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