1.4. Uncountable wells that served communities were invaded by sea, sand, and earth; and aquifers were invaded through porous rock. Local camcorder footage showed the tsunami surging inland and flooding camping equipment at the Similan Islands while the tsunami caught tourists unaware at the Surin Islands, and dragging them out towards the sea. The Indian Plate is part of the great Indo-Australian Plate, which underlies the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, and is moving north-east at an average of 60mm/a (0.075in/Ms). Also asked, how many survived the 2004 tsunami? Only the Iraq War was named by as many respondents. In some areas drinking water supplies and farm fields may have been contaminated for years by saltwater from the ocean. [5][68][69], Meulaboh, a remote coastal city, was among the hardest hit by the tsunami. Weeks after the earthquake, theoretical models suggested the earthquake shortened the length of a day by 2.68 microseconds, due to a decrease in the oblateness of the Earth. The momentum of the water displaced by tectonic uplift had also dragged massive slabs of rock, each weighing millions of tonnes, as far as 10km (6mi) across the seabed. Geological Survey of India Special Publication no. The shift of mass and the massive release of energy slightly altered the Earth's rotation. What happened? At that moment, everything was crazy. Thailand was struck about two hours later despite being closer to the epicentre because the tsunami travelled more slowly in the shallow Andaman Sea off its western coast. [58] John Chroston, a biology teacher from Scotland, also recognised the signs at Kamala Bay north of Phuket, taking a busload of vacationers and locals to safety on higher ground. At the same time, it arrived in the state of Kerala, on the southwestern coast. Chapter 6, "Thailand", in Jayasuriya, Sisira and Peter McCawley. I chuckled at what I saw but it wasn't long before I realised something was wrong. How I Survived the Tsunami, 10 Meters Underwater. However, this was proven untrue. I went out with my other sons and friends to look for my eldest son. Kristina Frjmark, 47, Swedish reality TV star. [82] The inundation distance varied between 1,006500m (3,3011,640ft) in most areas, except at river mouths, where it was more than 1km (0.62mi). She and her boyfriend were both injured but survived. When I arrived, I saw staff floating face down in the water that flooded the basement of the building. About 600 pilgrims died. Then the water went down, so far out, before the second wave hit the beach again. [70], The greatest run-up height of the tsunami was measured at a hill between Lhoknga and Leupung, on the western coast of the northern tip of Sumatra, near Banda Aceh, and reached 51m (167ft). He was a painter and it was meant to be the last working day for him before a long break. There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. 165184. [30] [22], Great earthquakes, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, are associated with megathrust events in subduction zones. While the overall impact on the national economies was minor, local economies were devastated. Did anyone survive the 2004 tsunami? Mara Beln (born May 12, 1966) is a Spanish physician and motivational speaker, known for surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami when she was on vacation in Thailand with her husband Enrique (Quique) lvarez and three sons Lucas, Simn and Toms. with a marginal drop in sea level. He was trapped and died inside the building where he was. So I closed my eyes, prayed, and prepared to die. [76] The tsunami heights were 56m (1620ft) and the inundated depth was about 2m (6.6ft). I noticed the temple ground covered in blood and lymph. Besides that, a 10m (33ft) black muddy tsunami ravaged the city of Karaikal, where 492 people died. Some economists believe that damage to the affected national economies will be minor because losses in the tourism and fishing industries are a relatively small percentage of the GDP. 26, 2004, when a 9.1 magnitude earthquake off the Indonesian coast sent tidal wave speeding toward Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. Another factor is that some coasts of Taninthayi Division were protected by the Myeik Archipelago. Funding came from other international agencies and from countries including Finland, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The earliest, lower amplitude signal is that of the compressional (P) wave, which takes about 22 minutes to reach the other side of the planet (the antipode; in this case near Ecuador). In fact, the largest tsunami wave ever recorded broke on a cool July night in 1958 and only claimed five lives. What's the least amount of exercise we can get away with? Flooding occurred at the coast and low-lying areas inland, which were connected to open sea through creeks. [134], The impact on coastal fishing communities and the people living there, some of the poorest in the region, has been devastating with high losses of income earners as well as boats and fishing gear. According to official estimates in India, 10,749 people were killed, 5,640 people were missing and thousands of people became homeless when a tsunami triggered by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake near the Indonesian island of Sumatra struck the southern coast on 26 December 2004. [66], A group of small islands: Weh, Breueh, Nasi, Teunom, Bunta, Lumpat, and Batee lie just north of the capital city. Also, in the minutes preceding a tsunami strike, the sea sometimes recedes temporarily from the coast, which was observed on the eastern earthquake rupture zone such as the coastlines of Aceh, Phuket island, and Khao Lak area in Thailand, Penang island of Malaysia, and the Andaman and Nicobar islands. [156] In response, the Indian Minister of Home Affairs announced that a fresh onslaught of deadly tsunami was likely along the southern Indian coast and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, even as there was no sign of turbulence in the region. The tsunami first struck the eastern coastline and subsequently refracted around the southern point of Sri Lanka (Dondra Head). The southwestern shores are a hotspot for tourists and fishing. The tsunami of 2004 and the little girl in the Christmas dress; . Inundation was observed, along the east coast of South Andaman Island, restricted to Chidiyatapu, Burmanallah, Kodiaghat, Beadnabad, Corbyn's cove and Marina Park/Aberdeen Jetty areas. How many were killed and left homeless? [76] Amateur camcorder footage taken by Israeli tourists showed the tsunami advancing inland suddenly as a small flood, gradually becoming more powerful and engulfing the whole beach and resort, with the tsunami carrying a yacht out to sea. People with IBS are more likely to have urinary incontinence or overactive bladder. [45] Unlike data from tide gauges installed on shores, measurements obtained in the middle of the ocean can be used for computing the parameters of the source earthquake without having to compensate for the complex ways in which proximity to the coast changes the size and shape of a wave. How do you get the treasure puzzle in virtual villagers. However, the public health risks may have been exaggerated, and therefore this may not have been the best way to allocate resources. [139], Countries in the region appealed to tourists to return, pointing out that most tourist infrastructure is undamaged. The military started to bring in containers to keep the bodies in. Basir, A.K. [130][131], Evidence suggested that the presence of mangroves in coastal areas had provided some protection, when compared to areas that had been cleared for aquaculture or development. Scientists had developed significant ecological expertise from work with the Great Barrier Reef, in Australia's northeastern waters. How many people died in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? Updates? [162], The changes in the distribution of masses inside the Earth due to the earthquake had several consequences. No one panicked or worried. Island folklore recounted an earthquake and tsunami in 1907, and the islanders fled to inland hills after the initial shaking and before the tsunami struck. Moments later, the ocean floor was exposed as much as 1km (0.62mi) in places, which was followed by massive second and third waves. The undersea megathrust earthquake, known by the scientific community as the SumatraAndaman earthquake,[10][11] was caused by a rupture along the fault between the Burma Plate and the Indian Plate, and reached a Mercalli intensity up to IX in some areas. Jpan survived the earthquake pretty well only they weren't ready for the massive 9.0 tsnami that followed The ground level was about 2 m above sea level, where there were many cottages and hotels. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2 km (2.0 mi) inland. 26, 2004, when a 9.1 magnitude earthquake off the Indonesian coast sent tidal wave speeding toward Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. At that point, I still had no idea what had happened. The first wave came rapidly landward from the south-west as a turbulent bore about 0.52.5m (1.68.2ft) high. Furthermore, Phi Phi Le Island shields the port of Phi Phi Don Island. The tsunami severely affected the Maldives at a distance of 2,500km (1,600mi) from the epicentre. At Koh Sriboya, the tsunami advanced inland as a turbulent medium bore, while at Koh Phayam, Ranong Province, the tsunami appeared as a wall of water. On March 11, 2011, a man in Klamath River, Calif., died after he was swept away by a second wave while taking pictures of the Japan tsunami, Lopes said. [153][154] The extensive international media coverage of the tsunami, and the role of mass media and journalists in reconstruction, were discussed by editors of newspapers and broadcast media in tsunami-affected areas, in special video-conferences set up by the Asia Pacific Journalism Centre. The film is called The Impossible and is based on the account of Maria Belton, a survivor of the Boxing Day tsunami in 2004. Tsunamis are giant waves that are produced when a large volume of water is displaced in an ocean or large lake by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, underwater landslide or meteorite. Despite a delay of up to several hours between the earthquake and the impact of the tsunami, nearly all of the victims were taken by surprise. Comparisons with earlier earthquakes are difficult, as earthquake strength only began to be measured systematically in the 1930s. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Although the extreme western edge of the Ring of Fire extends into the Indian Ocean (the point where the earthquake struck), no warning system exists in that ocean. Affected or destroyed towns on the region's north and east coast were Pidie Regency, Samalanga, Panteraja, and Lhokseumawe. The second wave came 10 minutes after the first one with a maximum height of 4.8m (16ft) to 8m (26ft) and caused the major destruction. The tsunami also reached Antarctica, where tidal gauges at Japan's Showa Base recorded oscillations of up to a metre (3ft 3in), with disturbances lasting a couple of days. Edie Fassnidge lost both her mother and sister in the tsunami. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [104], States of emergency were declared in Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Maldives. Dont count on roads holding up. Levels remained relatively low for some years. Survival, at this point, is a matter of luck. Polythene bags, king coconut . Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, tsunami that hit the coasts of several countries of South and Southeast Asia in December 2004. Other videos recorded showed that the tsunami appeared like a flood raging inland. I heard on my walkie-talkie that the second wave had hit. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. [135][136] In Sri Lanka, artisanal fishery, in which the use of fish baskets, fishing traps, and spears are commonly used, is an important source of fish for local markets; industrial fishery is the major economic activity, providing direct employment to about 250,000 people. The 71 casualties can be attributed to poor housing infrastructure and additionally, the fact that the coastal residents in the surveyed areas live on flat land along the coast, especially in the Ayeyarwaddy Delta, and that there is no higher ground to which to evacuate. [76][pageneeded]. (2007). Amateur video recorded taken at a resort beach showed the tsunami arriving as a large wall of water as it approached the coast and flooding it as it advanced inland. There was also a great concern that the death toll could increase as disease and hunger spread. Answer 3: Tsunamis are generated by waves due to vertical motion of Earth's crust caused by earthquakes. That's because between 15,000 and 20,000 people lived in Pompeii and Herculaneum, and the majority of them survived Vesuvius' catastrophic eruption. On some locations, a coastal road was built which was higher than the shore, protecting a hotel which was behind it. Over the next seven hours, a tsunamia series of immense ocean wavestriggered by the quake reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas as far away as East Africa. In addition to a large number of local residents, up to 9,000 foreign tourists (mostly Europeans) enjoying the peak holiday travel season were among the dead or missing, especially people from the Nordic countries. CA License # A-588676-HAZ / DIR Contractor Registration #1000009744 A scene of devastation is seen in the 2004 tsunami hit Indonesian City of Banda Aceh Getty. The divers reported being caught in a violent, swirling current suddenly while underwater. [34], The energy released on the Earth's surface (ME, which is the seismic potential for damage) by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was estimated at 1.11017 joules (110PJ; 26Mt). Also Know, how did people die in the 2004 tsunami? In four villages surveyed by . Scientists investigating the damage in Aceh found evidence that the wave reached a height of 24m (80ft) when coming ashore along large stretches of the coastline, rising to 30m (100ft) in some areas when travelling inland. Miraculously, all five family members survived. The southernmost district of Thiruvananthapuram, however, escaped damage, possibly due to the wide turn of the diffracted waves at the peninsular tip. However, the huge demand has led to lower quality in the process, and some important materials were sacrificed to cut prices for those who were impoverished by the tsunami. [15] The earthquake (followed by the tsunami) was felt in Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. [165], Nations all over the world provided over US$14 billion in aid for damaged regions,[166] with the governments of Australia pledging US$819.9 million (including a US$760.6 million aid package for Indonesia), Germany offering US$660 million, Japan offering US$500 million, Canada offering US$343 million, Norway and the Netherlands offering both US$183 million, the United States offering US$35 million initially (increased to US$350 million), and the World Bank offering US$250 million. As the flood got closer, it started to pick up speed. The environmental impact took a long time and significant resources to assess. The hospital director asked me to go to help implant microchips into the dead bodies as requested by the forensic police. Such approaches to ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction appear to be most successful when local communities are closely involved as stakeholders throughout the process, and when careful attention is paid to the physical conditions of chosen sites to ensure that mangroves can thrive there. [103], Relief agencies reported that one third of the dead appeared to be children. In Indonesias Aceh province in Northern Sumatra, waves reached 167 feet (51 meters) and caused flooding up to three miles (five kilometers) inland. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. 250,000 people survived the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami. A massive tsunami with waves up to 30m (100ft) high, known in some countries as the Boxing Day Tsunami after the Boxing Day holiday, devastated communities along the surrounding coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries in one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. 250,000 people survived the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. I went back down after the second wave retreated. Did anyone famous died in the 2004 tsunami? According to eyewitness accounts, the tsunami came from the north and south. I took my friends from Bangkok out for a diving trip on that Sunday morning. ", Tsunami's salt water may leave islands uninhabitable, "Tsunamis Devastate Fisherfolk of Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea", "Impacts of the Tsunami on Fisheries, Aquaculture and Coastal Livelihoods", "Food supply and food security situation in countries affected by the Asia tsunami Indonesia", "Demand for FRP boats rise after tsunami", "The Indian Ocean Tsunami: Socio-Economic Impacts in Thailand", Tsunami redrew ship channels, ocean floor, "Piracy in the Strait of Malacca: The geopolitical background behind piracy and its impacts on Global Financial Centres", "Researchers uncover 2004 tsunami predecessor", "Scientists Find Evidence of Tsunamis on Indian Ocean Shores Long Before 2004", "Most Destructive Known Earthquakes on Record in the World (Earthquakes with 50,000 or More Deaths)", "Written records of historical tsunamis in the northeastern South China Sea challenges associated with developing a new integrated database", "Mental Health in Sumatra After the Tsunami", "Associated Press Tsunami survivors cling tightly to faith across ravaged region", "Memorandum of Understanding between Indonesian government and the Free Aceh Movement", "Asia Pacific Journalism Centre Home Page". The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake came just three days after a magnitude 8.1 earthquake in the sub-antarctic Auckland Islands, an uninhabited region west of New Zealand, and Macquarie Island to Australia's north. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? [62], The tsunami devastated the coastline of Aceh province, about 20 minutes after the earthquake. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". [157] The announcement was a false alarm, and the Home Affairs minister withdrew their announcement. [156] The announcement generated panic in the Indian Ocean region and caused thousands to flee their homes, which resulted in jammed roads. It didn't look like the killer wave you see in the movies. However, between 2013 and 2014, piracy incidents rose dramatically by 73.2% to exceed pre-tsunami levels. It has been 10 years since the Indian Ocean tsunami and earthquake devastated . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Women in Aceh required a special approach from foreign aid agencies, and continue to have unique needs.